Pumping and Storage Recommendations ALCOGUM® Rheology Modifiers

ALCOGUM^® Rheology Modifiers are medium to relatively high viscosity sodium polyacrylate products supplied at alkaline pH. All components of the product handling, storage, and delivery system should be capable of accommodating such properties. Preferred pumping systems should be low-shear type, such as diaphragm. Positive displacement pumps may also be employed. Wetted materials in the pump should be 316 stainless steel, plastic or *Teflon^®. Avoid contact with soft metals, i.e., black iron, copper, bronze, tin and aluminum.

2. If using a progressive cavity type pump, keep the velocity of the ALCOGUM product in the pump to 1.0 foot/sec; with a maximum motor speed of 150 rpm. Avoid aluminum or iron wetted parts. Elastomers of the stator housing should be EDPM, BUNA-N, or Teflon materials.

3. All valves should be "donut" or ball type. Avoid using needle valves.

4. Do not filter the ALCOGUM product in a circulation loop as this creates unnecessary shear conditions. One way, one-pass systems work the best.

5. Storage tanks used to hold ALCOGUM products should preferably be plastic or fiberglass. Storage and pumping system should be cleaned every 6 months.

6. Piping material (lines) used to transfer ALCOGUM products may be plastic or stainless steel. Avoid contact with soft metals, i.e., black iron, copper, bronze, tin and aluminum. Minimize 90^o turns in the lines; smooth transitions are better. Avoid use of common lines for delivery and transfer, as contamination could be a problem. The storage tank should fill subsurface to minimize air entrapment. Air-pad off-loading should shut off prior to bubbling through the storage tank to minimize air entrapment.

7. Magnetic flow meters are recommended. Mass flow meters can work but are prone to plugging of small orifices.

8. Protect ALCOGUM products from freezing. Store ALCOGUM products at temperatures above 40°F.

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Pumping and Storage Recommendations

ALCOGUM® L-SERIES Rheology Modifiers

1. Handling requirements for ALCOGUM® L-SERIES and L-200 Series products are consistent with similar latex emulsion products. Preferred pumping systems should be low-shear type, such as diaphragm, piston diaphragm or peristaltic design. Where positive displacement pumps are employed, ALCOGUM L-200 Series products are recommended because of their enhanced shear stability. Wetted materials in the pump should be 316 stainless steel, plastic or *Teflon®. Avoid contact with soft metals, i.e., black iron, copper, bronze, tin and aluminum. 2. If using a progressive cavity type pump, keep the velocity of the ALCOGUM L-SERIES and L-200 Series in the pump to 1.0 foot/sec; the motor should be at 150 rpm maximum. Wetted materials in the pump should be 316 SS and non-plated. Avoid aluminum or iron wetted parts. Elastomers of the stator housing should be EDPM, BUNA-N, or Teflon materials. 3. All valves should be "donut" or ball type. Avoid using needle valves. 4. Do not filter the ALCOGUM L-SERIES in a circulation loop as this creates unnecessary shear conditions. One way, one-pass systems work the best with the ALCOGUM L-SERIES. Where re-circulation loops are employed, ALCOGUM L-200 Series are recommended, due to their superior shear stability. 5. Storage tanks used to hold ALCOGUM products should preferably be plastic or fiberglass. Storage systems should be similar to that used for latex emulsions where surface skin formation can be reduced by sealing the tank and including a misting device. ALCOGUM L-200 Series products are recommended where 100 mesh or greater screens are used to filter the emulsion. Storage and pumping system should be cleaned every 6 months. 6. Piping material (lines) used to transfer ALCOGUM product should be plastic or Teflon-lined stainless steel. Avoid contact with soft metals, i.e., black iron, copper, bronze, tin and aluminum. Minimize 90° turns in the lines; smooth transitions are better. Avoid use of common lines for delivery and transfer, as contamination could be a problem. The storage tank should fill subsurface to minimize foaming. Air-pad off-loading should use less than 20 psi pressure and shut off prior to bubbling through the storage tank to minimize foam. 7. Magnetic flow meters are recommended. Mass flow meters can work but are prone to pluggage of small orifices. 8. Protect ALCOGUM products from freezing. Store ALCOGUM L-SERIES products at temperatures above 40°F. ALCOGUM L-200 Series products are freeze/thaw stable. *Teflon® is a registered tradename of Dupont